📘 Table of Contents
🎯 Introduction: Why Learn Tennis Rules
Whether you're picking up a racket for the first time or you’ve been watching the Grand Slams for years, understanding tennis rules is essential. Clear knowledge of how to score, serve, and win a match not only improves your game — it also makes watching or coaching tennis more fun.
This guide is built as a mini-course, offering:
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Clear, beginner-friendly explanations
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Real-life examples
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"What happens if..." scenarios
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Long-term value for players, parents, and coaches
Let’s dive in!
🎾 What Is Tennis? A Quick Overview
Tennis is a racket sport played between two (singles) or four players (doubles) on a rectangular court, divided by a net. The main objective: win points by hitting the ball into the opponent’s court in a way they can’t return it.
Key facts:
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Played on clay, grass, or hard courts
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Professional matches include ATP (men) and WTA (women) tours
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The four biggest tournaments are called Grand Slams
📏 The Tennis Court: Layout and Zones
Understanding the court is step one. Here's a breakdown:
🟫 Basic Court Lines:
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Baseline – The line at the back of the court. You serve from behind it.
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Service Line – Marks the end of the service box.
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Center Mark – Helps divide the baseline for serving.
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Singles Sideline – Inner side line (used in singles).
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Doubles Sideline – Outer line (used in doubles).
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Net – Divides the court. Ball must go over it on each rally.
🟩 Service Boxes:
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Divided into left and right (deuce and ad sides).
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When serving, you must aim diagonally into your opponent’s service box.
Knowing these zones helps avoid foot faults, illegal serves, and misplays.
🔢 Tennis Scoring System Explained
Tennis has a unique scoring system that’s confusing at first — but simple once you get it.
🎯 Point Scoring:
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0 points = Love
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1 point = 15
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2 points = 30
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3 points = 40
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4 points = Game (if ahead by 2)
Example:
If the score is 40-40 → it’s called Deuce.
The next point won = Advantage. Win again = Game. Lose = back to Deuce.
🧮 Game → Set → Match:
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6 games = 1 Set (must win by 2 games: 6–4, 7–5, or 7–6)
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Matches are played in best of 3 sets (most) or 5 sets (men's Grand Slams)
Quick Terms:
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Break Point = Chance to win a game while opponent is serving
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Hold = Win your own service game
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Ace = Serve not touched by opponent
🎾 Serving Rules in Tennis
Serving is how every point starts — and it has very specific rules.
🗂 Basic Serving Rules:
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Start behind the baseline, between center mark and sideline
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Serve diagonally into opposite service box
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Alternate sides after each point
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You get two chances (first and second serve)
⛔ Common Serving Violations:
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Foot Fault – Stepping on or over the baseline during serve
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Double Fault – Failing both serve attempts = opponent wins point
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Let Serve – Ball hits the net but lands in correct box = re-serve
🔄 During the Rally: Shot Rules
Once the serve is in, a rally begins — both players hit the ball back and forth.
🎯 The Basics:
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Ball can bounce once before you hit it
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Ball must land in-bounds on opponent’s side
Legal Shots:
Serves
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Groundstrokes
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Volleys (without bouncing)
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Drop shots
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Lobs
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Slice and topspin shots
Smashes (Overhead)
You cannot touch the net, cross the net plane, or hit the ball before it crosses to your side.
❌ Faults, Lets, and Double Faults Explained
🚫 Fault:
When a serve lands outside the service box or into the net.
🔁 Let:
When the serve hits the net but still lands in = replay the serve.
❌ Double Fault:
Two failed serve attempts in a row = lose the point.
🔢 Tie-Break Rules
If the score in a set reaches 6–6, a tiebreaker is played.
Standard Tiebreak:
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Players play to 7 points
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Must win by 2 points
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Serve alternates every 2 points after the first
In Grand Slams:
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Some formats use a 10-point super tiebreak
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Rules may vary (e.g. Wimbledon final set rules)
👥 Singles vs Doubles: What’s the Difference?
🧍 Singles (1 vs 1):
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Only inner sidelines are in play
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Players cover the full court
🧑🤝🧑 Doubles (2 vs 2):
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Outer sidelines are used
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One player serves the entire game, then rotates
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Teams alternate serving order each set
In doubles, teamwork, communication, and net play are critical.
🎓 Advanced Rules: Foot Faults, Distraction, Overrules
🦶 Foot Fault:
When your foot touches the baseline or court before executing the serve.
🎤 Distraction:
Yelling, distracting, or making noise during a rally can result in loss of point.
🧑⚖️ Overrules:
In professional matches, umpires can overrule bad line calls. In recreational play, honesty is key.
🧠 Time Violations:
You have 25 seconds between points, and 90 seconds on changeovers.
🧩 Interactive Rule Scenarios: What Happens If…?
These are real examples you can turn into clickable scenarios later.
Scenario 1: Your Serve Hits the Net and Lands In
→ It’s a let — replay the serve, no penalty.
Scenario 2: You Hit the Ball Before It Bounces, Over the Net
→ Legal volley, as long as you don’t touch the net.
Scenario 3: Ball Bounces Twice on Your Side
→ You lose the point — only one bounce allowed.
Scenario 4: You Step on the Line While Serving
→ That’s a foot fault — it counts as a missed serve.
Scenario 5: It’s 6–6 in a Set
→ You play a tiebreak to 7, win by 2.
🎁 Conclusion
Congratulations! You now have a strong understanding of the most important tennis rules — including scoring, serving, faults, rallies, and more.
Whether you’re:
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Learning tennis
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Coaching young players
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Watching matches
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Or preparing for your first tournament...
...this guide will always be a reliable reference.